Proximity of Reinforcement & the Protestant Ethic Effect

Twelve food-deprived male rats were trained to barpress for food pellets in one of three operant chambers. The chambers were of standard size, double in length, or triple in length. After training, cod cup full of pellets was placed in the corner opposite the operant bar, and the eating behavior of the rats in this choice situation was observed. The dependent measure was the percentage of the total amount of food consumed that had been obtained by barpressing. Individual comparisons between the mean percentage of food earned over the four test sessions revealed that those rats in the longest chamber barpressed for a significantly greater amount of the food consumed than did those in the shorter boxes. Results are discussed in terms of the discriminability of the two food cups and the large individual differences. An approach for future research to follow is suggested

Proximity of Reinforcement & the Protestant Ethic Effect

Twelve food-deprived male rats were trained to barpress for food pellets in one of three operant chambers. The chambers were of standard size, double in length, or triple in length. After training, cod cup full of pellets was placed in the corner opposite the operant bar, and the eating behavior of the rats in this choice situation was observed. The dependent measure was the percentage of the total amount of food consumed that had been obtained by barpressing. Individual comparisons between the mean percentage of food earned over the four test sessions revealed that those rats in the longest chamber barpressed for a significantly greater amount of the food consumed than did those in the shorter boxes. Results are discussed in terms of the discriminability of the two food cups and the large individual differences. An approach for future research to follow is suggested

Apprisen Financial Coaching Program: Changing Financial Behaviors

https://fuse.franklin.edu/ss2016/1004/thumbnail.jp

A Righteousness Housed in the Body: The Conception and Division of Kings\u27 Bodies in Early Medieval Northwestern Literature

This thesis examines how the bodies of kings in medieval Irish, Anglo-Saxon, and Norse literature demonstrate sacral kingship, a theory which links the prosperity of a people to the strength of the king’s relationship with the divine. I argue that the practice of collecting the heads of English kings as relics, particularly the Northumbrian warrior-kings Edwin and Oswald, is due to an understanding of the king\u27s bodies as a source of power and luck. I put the dispersal of the heads of Kings Edwin and Oswald in conversation with the work of Andrew Reynolds on deviant burial customs in Anglo-Saxon England. In Irish literature, there are a number of examples of kings and heroes using prostheses, both mechanical and magical, to circumvent the physical standards required of Irish kings. Irish kingship understood physical wholeness as a mark of divine favor and pointed towards one\u27s status as a true king. In the Táin Bó Cúailnge and the Lebor Gabála Érenn, the kings Midir and Nuadu are badly injured and their physical wholeness is compromised, which disqualifies them from further rule. They both successfully use prostheses to correct the injury and continue in the role of king. The use of prostheses by kings is a result of resourcefulness, well-connectedness, and material wealth, which could prove one\u27s reversal of fate. Sacral kingship in the Old Norse Heimskringla is evidenced by the expectation that a king be marked by “luck” or a sense of being blessed by fate. A king’s “luck” appears to manifest in the ár ok frið, or “abundance and peace,” that he is able to procure for his kingdom. The lack of these benefits is understood to mark a critical flaw in the king\u27s ability to be a mediator. This chapter focuses on a few prominent examples of kings, including the kings Domaldi and Halfdan the Black, who represent contrasting examples of failed and successful sacral kings. Analyzing the cultural attitude towards medieval kingly bodies in early Northwestern literature aids our understanding of medieval ideas of kingship and disability

Ensuring Social Success: Assessing the Factors that Affect the Social Experiences of International Students at a Large, Urban Community College in Texas

According to the 2014 Open Doors report published by the Institute of International Education, 87,963 international students enrolled in community colleges and/or associate’s degree granting institutions during the 2013-2014 academic year. Community colleges offer many benefits to international students, such as lower tuition, less restrictive English proficiency requirements, smaller class size, and transferability of credits to four-year institutions. Past studies have found connections between social relationships and the ability to manage acculturative stress and student satisfaction. Nevertheless, international students attending a community college face different social challenges than those who choose to attend a residential four-year university. Lack of student housing and common areas, campuses spread across large metropolitan areas, and large non-traditional student populations are just some of the factors that may affect an international student’s ability to develop a social support network while attending a community college. Focusing on the individual experiences of international students at Austin Community College (ACC), this study utilized both qualitative face-to-face interviews and a quantitative Likert-scale survey to identify key factors that affected the international students’ abilities to develop friendships and participate successfully in the social aspects of a community college. Although each individual’s experience varied, cultural differences, perceptions of English speaking abilities, and willingness to engage with domestic students all emerged as common threads in the students’ experiences. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that international student advisors be located at every campus, and if possible, a single advisor works with a specific international student, taking them through the transition. It is also recommended that changes be made to the international student orientation, such as seating students according to country of origin, and having representatives of the various campus organizations present

Ozone Exposure System Designed and Used to High-Altitude Airship Materials

High-altitude airships can receive high doses of ozone over short mission durations. For example, in 1 year at an altitude of 70,000 ft, the ozone fluence (number arriving per unit area) can be as high as 1.2 1024 molecules/sq cm. Ozone exposure at these levels can embrittle materials or change the performance of solar cells. It is important to expose components and materials to the expected ozone dosage to determine if the ozone exposure could cause any mission-critical failures

Marshall University Music Department Presents a Senior Recital, Sharon Miller, Piano, Robert Brooks, String Bass

https://mds.marshall.edu/music_perf/1114/thumbnail.jp

Work in Progress: Vertical Integration of Engineering Design in an Undergraduate BME Curriculum

Relevant and robust biomedical engineering programs integrate challenging, hands-on engineering design projects that require student teams to develop and deliver functional prototypes in response to biomedical design problems. The inclusion of such projects throughout Biomedical Engineering (BME) curricula not only brings active learning to the classroom but helps students improve as team members, decision makers, and problem solvers. This work highlights how sophomore and junior level engineering design projects can increase students’ fundamental engineering design knowledge and self-reported confidence in approaching design projects. By steadily increasing the complexity of engineering design experiences throughout the BME undergraduate curriculum, our continued work studies whether intentional, vertical alignment of engineering experiences ultimately better prepares BME undergraduates for their senior design capstone projects and their professional pursuits